“External dependency is not a good development strategy,” warns AfDB in its 2025 economic outlook. Despite last year’s 75% FDI surge, leaner times loom as US tariffs and geopolitical rifts trigger aid cuts and subdue global economic activity. Africa must look within to trillions in untapped domestic capital – in pension funds, sovereign wealth vehicles, insurance assets, commercial banks, fintech platforms, and foreign exchange reserves – while leveraging hybrid instruments and transforming 1.55bn Africans into active capital market participants. How can a debt-burdened continent harness this vast capital pool and growing population to build financial strength and fund under-resourced MSMEs, vital energy infrastructure, and digital innovation?

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